Oil burner



avwentoz Filed March 26, 1927 Oct. 29, 1929.

w WM M, N flwlwvwml -w m 3 5 a R I E 5 W Patented Oct. 29, 1929 UNITED STATES ARTHUR B. GOODSPEED, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY OIL BURNER Application filed March 26, 1927.

The general purpose in the development of this invention has been to produce an oil burner for house heating, oven heating, boiler heating and other uses, which shall be capable of operation with great etliciency either as an automatically controlled burner for domestic use, or as a manually controlled or partly automatically controlled burner for various industrial uses. Such a burner must meet, as

1 it is believed that the burner to be described herein does meet in an exceptional degree, the requirements of simplicity in construction and in operation, flexibility, that is, ready adaptation to varying conditions of use, dependability under all conditions, and compactness. The improved burner is designed to operate with fuel oil and air alone, that is, without the use of water or steam, both the oil and the air being supplied undermoderate pressure, the pressure on the. oil being slightly in excess of that on the air. Provision is made whereby the oil is dc livered under a constant head, with the rate of delivery regulated and controlled in accordance with the rate of consumption and with the pressure of the air. The oil is fed in this manner into a reservoir in which it is maintained at a predetermined level and from which it is delivered by air pressure to a relatively elevated burner nozzle, from which it is discharged in an atomized condition by air under pressure and from which the unconsumed oil is returned immediately and completely to the reservoir if fbr any reason the air pressure fails, so that the burner nozzle cannot become clogged by oil remainingtherein. The burner notzzle also is so constructed and related to other parts of the burner that the oil is delivered at the 40 point of atomization at normal temperature, therefore in unvarying conditi n in other respects, and that whenever oil is delivered at the burner nozzle air underfpressure will also be delivered, thereby assuring atomization of whatever oil is delivered. Provision is made whereby failure of the pilot light from any cause is accompanied by immediate cessation of delivery of both oil and air, through the release for automatic operation of a switch in the circuit of the motor which Serial No. 178,546.

supplies power for the supply of oil and air. Various features of improvement will be referred to more particularly hereinafter.

The improved burner will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompany- 55 ing drawings in which is illustrated in convenient and practical form an embodiment of the invention. In the drawings:

Figure l is a view in sectional elevation of the. improved burner.

Figure 2 is a detail top view, partly broken away, showing the relation of the oil feeding valve and the weight associated therewith.

The oil for combustion in the burner is supplied through a pipe 1/ under pressure from any suitable source. The air to support combustion in the burner is likewise supplied to the burner under pressure from any suitable source through a pipe indicated at (r in Figure 1. The gas for the pilot valve is supplied under pressure from any suitable source through a pipe marked a in Figure 1.

The burner is supported upon a base 6 which forms the lower part of the air-pressure chamber 0, the upper part of which is formed by a corresponding. inverted member a, to which the air supply pipe 0' is connected. The top of the member e has, as ate an oriticc for the admission of air under atmos- 30 pheric pressure to the inside of the pressure differential device or s 'lphon hereinafter described. There is, also secured upon the top of the member (1' a protective cap f. The upper member 6" of the pressure chamber enclosure is provided with a connection, as at a, through which air is conducted to the burner nozzle. as hereinafter described, for the purposeof atomizing the oil which is delivered to the nozzle, also as hereinafter described under the pressure of air in the pressure chamber.

Secured to and connected with the pressure-chamber e, e 8 in close proximity thereto, is a strainer vessel 9, to which the oil is delivered through the pipe 6 under a pressure slightly greater than the air-pressure within the pressure chamber e, e e, against which the oil must be delivered. The oil is delivered to the vessel 9 at its upper end into a strainer g, which is supported within the vessel 9 and is provided with a lifter g by which the strainer may be removed from time to time for cleaning when the cap 9- has been removed. The vessel 9 is connected with the pressure chamber 6 by a connection 9 which forms a seat and guide for an oil regulating valve h which opens from the vessel into the pressure chamber under the control of devices to be described. The oil is fed to the strainer in such volume, regulated by the valve b, that the strainer vessel is kept full and the oil asses into the pressure chamber under the constant head, which is maintained while the burner is in operation, so that the delivery of oil into the pressure chamber does not fluctuate but takes place under the influence of the constant head.

To the under side of the top of the member 6" of the pressure chamber wall, is secured a sylphon 2', or expansible and collapsible metal bellows sensitive to differential of external and internal pressures. To the bottom plate 2" of the sylphon is secured, within the sylphon, a bushing 2", which receives and guides a rod i threaded at its upper end to receive a nut i. A flanged bushing i interposed between the bushing i and the nut i, which is of smaller diameter than the bushing i passes through the top of the member 6" with suflicient clearance freely to admit air under atmospheric pressure to the interior of the sylphon. The shoulders formed by the upper end of the bushing i and by the flange of the bushing 2' limit the movement of the rod 2' and the bottom of the sylphon in both directions. The rod is shouldered, as at i, to bear against the lower end of the bushing F. To the lower end of the rod 2' is connected a weight k which is so mounted and positioned with relation to the valve it that its tendency is to press the valve it against the seat in the end of the tube 9 Preferably the weight is hung at one edge, as shown in Figure 2, on pivot pins k, supported by standards a erected on the bottom plate of the lower member or casing e, and is formed, below the horizontal plane of the pivots, with a projection 10 arranged to bear against the valve h. The adjustment is such that when the burner is not in operation and the pressure in the chamber e, on the outside of the sylphon 2', is atmospheric, the weight is will hold the valve h against the seat, thereby preventing the flow of oil from the strainer vessel 9 into the pressure chamber 0, and that when the burner is in operation and the working pressure above atmospheric, is established in the pressure chamber 6', the weight is will be raised by the collapsing of the sylphon under the pressure differential, thereby removing the projection 10 from the valve I1 and permitting the latter to move from its seat under the pressure of the oil in the strainer vessel and the oil to flow from the receiver into the lower part of the pressure chamber. In starting the operation of the burner, when there is no oil in the bottom of the pressure chamber, it is desirable to raise the weight In so as to permit the valve I: to unseat and the oil to flow. This is accomplished, when the cap fhas been removed, by grasping the nut 11 and raising the weight, the sylphon i being collapsed accordingly.

In order that the flow of oil into the pressure chamber shall be checked when the oil has accumulated in the pressure chamber to a predetermined level, the valve h is also subject to the action of a float l, which likewise may be hung on pivot pins, as indicated at Z, in the standards a, and may be provided with projections l which, straddling the projection A from the weight It, may bear at each side thereof against the valve h. A counterbalance 1 may be secured to the float l to make the float more sensitive in its action. As the oil in the pressure chamber is reduced by consumption at the burner and the level falls, the float swings downwardly on its axis and permits the valve h to open and the oil to flow from the strainer into the pressure chamber.

From the pressure chamber e, in the operation of the burner, the oil is forced from the pressure chamber through a valve controlled outlet m and flexible pipe m to the burner nozzle to be described. The pipe m, preferably of metal, is sufficiently flexible to permit the burner nozzle, indicated generally at n, to be adjusted in a vertical plane with reference to the level of the oil in the pressure chamber. the orifice in the furnace wall, through which the flame is directed, and the interior of the combustion chamber. Rotation of the burner support on the connection 6 also permits the direction of the flame to be adjusted in a generally horizontal direction as conditions may require. As already stated, air is delivered from the pressure chamber, through the connection 0, to the burner nozzle for the purpose of atomizing the oil and the burner nozzle n is conveniently supported in such manner as to permit movement of the burner nozzle in a vertical direction, by hollow arms 0 which, at their outer ends, are connected to the burner nozzle in such manner as to support the same and also to conduct air to the interior thereof, and at their inner ends are mounted to swing on hollow trunnions 0 of a housing 0', which may be supported by the connection 6*.

The housing 0 also serves to support the gas pilot valve, indicated generally at p, by which the supply of gas to the igniter, indicated generally at r, is regulated under the control of the air pressure in the pressure chamber 6'. As shown, the housing 0 is formed with a seat, as at 0 for a gas controlling diaphragm p', which is subject on its under side, through an openin o in the housing 0, to the air pressure in t e ressure chamber. The diaphragm p is he d to its seat by a block p which is chambered, as at p, for connection to the gas line 0, is chambered, as at p, to receive a spring-pressed valve 12, and is chambered, as at p, with a by-pass p to receive a by-pass regulatingl valve p, the chamber p being connected t rough a flexible pipe p with the pilot burner tip r. The block p" also receives the-valve stem p" which rests on the diaphragm p and supports the valve 12. The adjustment is such that when the burner is not in operation and the pressure in the pressure chamber e is atmospheric, the valve 12 rests on its seat and only so much gas flows through the bl pass p" as is necessary to maintain t e minimum pilot flame at the pilot burner tip 1', while, under 0 rating conditions, the air pressure in t e pressure chamber e raises the diaphragm, lifts the valve p from its seat and rmits a suflicient flow of gas to produce at t e pilot tip 1" a flame lon enough to project from the igniter r an ignite the atomized oil delivered from the burner nozzle n. It the operation of the burner is discontinued at any time and the air pressure falls, the valve p will be permitted to find its seat and shut off the operating flow of gas, while a sufiicient flow is permitted through the by-pass to maintain the minimum pilot flame.

The pilot burner tip r is located in the wall of a brass tube r, WhlCll in turn is supported with the burner nozzle 1 through arms r secured to the burner nozzle.

The burner nozzle n is supported upon the hollow arms 0 by means not necessary to be described. The flexible oil pipe m is external to the body of the burner nozzle so as to avoid heating of the oil and possible change in its consistency and is connected through a couplin 'm with a transverse chamber n in the orward end of the block n, the chamber n having an outlet in the under side of the block n The block at is chambered on the under side for the assage of air from the arms 0 across the un er side of the block n and has secured adjustably to its under side a shutter n by which the volume of air can be regulated.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination of a burner nozzle, a pressure chamber, means, including a valve, to supply oil to the pressure chamber, a float in o rative relation with said valve to efiect its c osin upon a redetermined rise in the level of tfie oil in t e chamber, a weight also in operative relation with said valve, means responsive to a given pressure to cause the weight to close the valve, means to exert a pressure on said means to oppose the first pressure and 0 en the valve, and means to supply air un er pressure to the pressure chamber to force the oil from the chamber to the burner nozzle.

2. The combination of a burner nozzle, a pressure chamber, means, including a valve, to supply oil to the pressure chamber, afloat connected to the valve to eflect its closing u n a predetermined rise in the level of the 011 in the chamber, a weight connected to the valve, means responsive to a 'ven pressure to cause the weight to close t e valve, and means to supply air to the ressure chamber to force oil from the cham r to the burner nozzle and to overcome the first pressure to open the valve.

This s cification signed this 10th day of March, D. 1927.

ARTHUR B. GOODSPEED. 

